Analysis Of Bearing Material Classification And Performance Requirements

Bearings are key components in mechanical operation, and their material selection directly affects their performance. In different fields, the bearing materials used are also different. The following is a detailed analysis of the classification and performance requirements of commonly used bearing materials.

1. Metal materials

Bearing alloy: including tin matrix and lead matrix, with excellent comprehensive properties and suitable for high load conditions, but the price is higher.

Copper alloys: including tin bronze, aluminum bronze and lead bronze, suitable for working environments under different speeds and load conditions.

Cast iron: suitable for light load and low speed conditions.

2. Porous metal materials

This material is sintered from different metal powders and is self-lubricating. Suitable for smooth no-impact load and small to medium speed working conditions.

3. Non-metallic materials

They mainly include plastic, rubber and nylon, which have the characteristics of low friction coefficient, wear resistance, corrosion resistance, etc., but have low load-bearing capacity and are susceptible to thermal deformation.

Bearing material performance requirements:

Frictional compatibility: prevention of adhesion and boundary lubrication, affected by multiple factors, including composition, lubricant and microstructure.

Embedding: Prevents hard particles from entering and causing scratches or abrasions.

Running-in: Reduce friction and wear rate by reducing machining errors and surface roughness parameter values.

Friction Compliance: The elastic-plastic deformation of the material can compensate for poor initial fit and shaft deflection.

Wear resistance: The ability to resist wear and tear.

Fatigue resistance: The ability to resist fatigue damage under cyclic loading.

Corrosion resistance: The ability to resist corrosion.

Cavitation resistance: The ability to resist cavitation wear.

Compressive strength: The ability to withstand unidirectional loads without deformation.

Dimensional stability: The ability to maintain dimensional accuracy during long-term use.

Anti-rust: Has good anti-rust properties.

Process performance: adapted to the needs of multiple hot and cold processing procedures, including formability, processability and heat treatment performance.