Analysis Of The Function And Process Design Of Bearing End Caps

The function of bearing end cover

As one of the very important mechanical parts, the bearing end cover is the main external part of the bearing seat and has a wide range of uses. The main working surfaces of this part are the left and right end faces and the cylindrical surface of the left end face. Its general functions are:

(1) Axial positioning of the bearing outer ring;

(2) Dust-proof and sealed. In addition to being dust-proof and sealed by itself, it is often combined with seals to achieve the sealing effect;

(3) The end cover located between the lathe motor and the spindle box mainly plays the role of transmitting torque and buffering and absorbing shock, so that the spindle box rotates smoothly.

Bearing end cover process design

Both the end face and the inner and outer circular surfaces of the bearing end cover require turning processing. Semi-finishing and rough turning can be used, and roughing and finishing should be carried out separately to ensure the surface roughness requirements. The main bearing end cover process design is as follows:

1. Aging treatment of workpieces

For cover-type vapor parts whose blank is a casting, because the thickness of each part is uneven, there is a large internal stress in the casting, which can easily cause defects such as deformation, so artificial aging treatment must be arranged. For this end cap, the accuracy requirements are average, so the natural parking and transportation time between the roughing and finishing processes can be used to obtain the effect of natural aging treatment. The longer the natural aging treatment time, the better, otherwise it will affect the stability of the end cover fitting accuracy. For particularly precise end caps, artificial aging should be arranged between rough machining and finishing processes to eliminate internal stress in casting and improve accuracy stability.

2. The order of processing technology should be face first and then hole.

As the main two types of processing surfaces on the end cover, planes and holes. From the perspective of stable and reliable positioning, the plane is much superior to the hole, and it can also make the machining allowance of the hole uniform; from the perspective of processing difficulty, the plane It is easier to process than holes; from the perspective of favorable processing, the plane is processed first and then the holes distributed on the plane are processed. Since the unevenness and sand inclusions on the surface of the casting have been removed, it is greatly beneficial to the hole processing.

3. Separate roughing and finishing in the processing stage

The end cover is a cast iron part, with a large machining allowance reserved. In rough machining, the cutting allowance is large, the clamping force and cutting force are large, and the cutting heat is large, so the impact on the machining accuracy is also great; In addition, rough machining is cutting the surface metal of the blank, and the stress within the workpiece is redistributed, which will also cause deformation of the workpiece. Therefore, roughing and finishing are divided into two processing stages, which is conducive to fully exposing the deformation of the workpiece due to various reasons after roughing and eliminating it in the finishing stage.

4. Cleaning of workpieces

At the same time, the cleaning step is also very important. Cleaning work is of great significance to ensure the quality of machine assembly and extend the service life of the machine, especially for precision fittings and seals. The purpose of cleaning is to remove oil stains and impurities on the surface of fog parts. Commonly used cleaning fluids include kerosene, gasoline, alkali and chemical cleaning fluids. Cleaning methods such as scrubbing, dipping, spraying and ultrasonic cleaning can be used.